An ordeal in which the accused person was forced to hold a piece of hot metal or to walk barefoot across a hot surface, the judgment of guilt or innocence depending on how quickly and cleanly the person’s hands or feet healed. • Typically the person’s hand was bandaged and, upon the bandage’s removal three […]
fire ordeal (古)火审 神明裁判的一种方式。指要求被告人用手拿住一块重为1至3磅的烧红的烙铁，或者蒙住眼睛，赤脚从9把烧红的犁头上走过，如果被告人被烫伤，则说明他有罪，反之则无罪。(→ordeal; trial by fire)
An ordeal prescribed for someone accused of a less serious crime and involving less risk or torture than a triple ordeal. • For example, a single ordeal by fire required the accused to pick up a red-hot piece of iron weighing one pound, while a triple ordeal involved a piece of iron weighing three pounds.
ordeal n. 神明裁判 裁决被告人是否有罪过的原始裁判方式，通行于欧洲至13世纪。在撒克逊和英格兰古法中称为「神判」〔judicium Dei；judgment of God〕。它有四种方式：１火审〔fire ordeal〕，２冷水审〔cold water ordeal〕，３热水审〔hot water ordeal〕,４决斗〔campfight〕。在英国迟至1883年废除。亨利三世〔Henry Ⅲ〕在位时废止，以誓决〔compurgation〕取代之。这种裁判设想：如果其人是无辜的，当他经历此种审理时，上帝会庇护他幸免于受伤、死亡，或速愈。
ignis judicium (ig-nis joo-dish-ee-[schwa]m). [Latin] Hist. Trial by fire. See ordeal by fire under ORDEAL.
canfara (kan-f[schwa]-r[schwa]). [Law Latin] Hist. A trial by hot iron, formerly used in England. See ordeal by fire under ORDEAL.
purgation (p[schwa]r-gay-sh[schwa]n). Hist. The act of cleansing or exonerating oneself of a crime or accusation by an oath or ordeal. canonical purgation. Purgation by oath-helpers in an ecclesiastical court. See COMPURGATION. vulgar purgation. Purgation by fire, hot irons, battle, or cold water; purgation by means other than by oath-helpers. • Vulgar purgation was so called
judicium Dei 〈拉〉上帝的裁判；神裁；神明裁判 在古代英国和欧洲，指上帝作出的裁决〔judgement of God〕，或称「圣决」〔divinum judicium; divine judgment〕。该词用于指通过火审〔ordeals by fire or hot iron〕、水审〔ordeals by water〕、十字架审〔trials by the cross〕、圣餐审〔trials by Eucharist〕、吞噬审〔trials by corsned〕和决斗审〔trials by battle〕得出裁决，其理论基础是上帝会站在无辜者一方并通过干预裁决过程表现出来。